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Any company has got to reinvent itself again and again.

I think that companies always become complacent, over time. Or most companies, that is.

Once companies begin to outsource, they never go back.

Large companies are not going to disappear. Multinational companies with tens of thousands of employees are not going to disappear. In fact, many of them are getting larger because they can benefit from economies of scale.

Twenty years ago, you might have been pessimistic and said there's no hope. But these days, some of our very biggest companies are acting remarkably cleanly. And in some cases, although not all cases, the CEOs are the driving forces behind that.

Companies, like people, don't much like to change.

Lots of companies don't succeed over time. What do they fundamentally do wrong? They usually miss the future.

You cannot have companies where many of the largest ones lose money indefinitely without someone finally waving the white flag, and IBM is the most recent example of that.

I believe that companies are, above all, agents of transformation.

If companies don't think systemically enough - if they try to capture too much of the value - eventually, innovation moves somewhere else.